The sustainable development of the global economy faces a complex array of challenges. These challenges can be broadly categorized as follows:
1. Environmental Degradation:
- Climate Change: Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and changes in precipitation patterns are causing significant disruptions to ecosystems and impacting human societies.
- Pollution: Air and water pollution from industrial activities, agriculture, and waste management are harming human health, ecosystems, and the environment.
- Biodiversity Loss: Habitat destruction, deforestation, pollution, and overexploitation are leading to a decline in biodiversity and ecosystem services.
